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Typically used in manufacturing or scientific research, a clean room is a controlled environment that has a low level of pollutants such as dust, airborne microbes, aerosol particles, and chemical vapors, and also control temperature, relative humidity, air flow, etc. To be exact, a clean room has a controlled level of contamination that is specified by the number of particles per cubic meter at a specified particle size. The ambient air outside in a typical city environment contains 35,200,000 particles per cubic meter, 0.5 micron and larger in diameter, corresponding to an ISO 9 clean room which is at the lowest level of clean room standards.
| Class | Maximum Particles/m³ | Federal Standard 209E Equivalent | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥0.1 µm | ≥0.2 µm | ≥0.3 µm | ≥0.5 µm | ≥1 µm | ≥5 µm | ||
| ISO 1 | 10 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| ISO 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | - | - | - |
| ISO 3 | 1,000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | - | Class 1 |
| ISO 4 | 10,000 | 2,370 | 1,020 | 352 | 83 | - | Class 10 |
| ISO 5 | 100,000 | 23,700 | 10,200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Class 100 |
| ISO 6 | 1,000,000 | 237,000 | 102,000 | 35,200 | 8,320 | 293 | Class 1,000 |
| ISO 7 | - | - | - | 352,000 | 83,200 | 2,930 | Class 10,000 |
| ISO 8 | - | - | - | 3,520,000 | 832,000 | 29,300 | Class 100,000 |
| ISO 9 | - | - | - | 35,200,000 | 8,320,000 | 293,000 | Room Air |
